Hirvonen, L. M., Wicker, K., Mandula, O. and Heintzmann, R.
Structured illumination microscopy of a living cell. European Biophysics Journal 38: 807-812 (2009).

Due to diffraction, the resolution of imaging emitted light in a fluorescence microscope is limited to about 200 nm in the lateral direction. Resolution improvement by a factor of two can be achieved using structured illumination, where a fine grating is projected onto the sample, and the final image is reconstructed from a set of images taken at different grating positions. Here we demonstrate that with the help of a spatial light modulator, this technique can be used for imaging slowly moving structures in living cells.